Liechtenstein packs 2,000 years into 160 square kilometres. Walk from a Roman villa's foundations to the cliff-hung ruin of Schalun, the 1380 inn in Vaduz's Mitteldorf, and the Bendern hill where an oath in 1699 turned two counties into a country.
A 12th-century fortress on a 70m rock at the country's southern gate. Left as a ruin for centuries, it was rebuilt in 1905–12 by sculptor Egon Rheinberger; courtyard, chapel and rose garden open April–October.
The oldest surviving church in Liechtenstein, its nave raised on Late Roman foundations and rebuilt in 1465. Inside are Gothic wall paintings of the Passion; the pilgrim chapel sits alone above the old Triesen hamlet.
The stepped-gable house above the vineyards goes back to the 14th century; the monks of St. Johann added the tower after 1525, and the Rheinberger family bought it in 1807. Still private, it is the emblem of old Vaduz.
A cliff-clinging ruin at 720m, abandoned by the 14th century and so poorly documented that nobody agrees which family built it. Walls, cistern and a rock-cut stair survive above the beech forest east of town.
Gustav von Neumann's government building of 1903–05, with arcades, stepped gable and painted coats of arms, was the first purpose-built seat of state. Beside it stands Hansjörg Göritz's brick Landtag of 2008.
Friedrich von Schmidt, architect of Vienna's city hall, built this neo-Gothic church in 1869–73 on the site of a medieval chapel; it became a cathedral in 1997. The princely crypt beside the choir holds the ruling house.
Every national stamp since the first 1912 issue, in the Engländerbau on Städtle. Postage once covered a large share of the state budget; printing plates, artists' sketches and pull-out drawer cabinets tell how.
An inn on this spot since 1380, among the oldest in the Alpine Rhine valley. The vaulted Stube, beamed ceiling and thick stone walls survived the rebuilding that turned the rest of Vaduz into a modern capital.
How Walser settlers from the Valais crossed the Alps around 1300, took the high terraces nobody else wanted, and kept a dialect still spoken today. Tools, a model of a timber chalet and a film on mountain farming.
Foundations of a Roman villa rustica occupied from the 1st to the 4th century, excavated in 1893 and now sheltered under a protective roof — the clearest trace of the Bregenz–Chur road crossing the principality.
A blockbau farmhouse of about 1518, one of the oldest wooden dwellings in the country, furnished as a poor peasant family actually lived into the 20th century: smoke kitchen, straw bedding, hand tools, no chimney.
On this hill above the Rhine the men of the Lower County swore allegiance to the Liechtenstein princes in 1699 — the act that began the state. The church of St. Mary dates from 1481, on a chapel site recorded in 1045.