Prague survived the wars that flattened its neighbours, so its history is still standing in stone: Přemyslid ramparts, Charles IV's Gothic city plan, Counter-Reformation Baroque, and the bullet scars of 1942 and 1968 — all within walking distance.
The 10th-century seat where Přemyslid dukes minted coins before Prague Castle took over. Grounds are free and open around the clock; the Gothic casemates and Gorlice hall cost 90 CZK, the basilica 90 CZK, open 10:00–18:00.
Charles IV founded this in 1347 for Slavonic-rite Benedictines, and its cloister still keeps 14th-century wall paintings. The twin concrete sails replaced a roof destroyed by an American bomb on 14 February 1945. Open Mon–Fri 09:00–17:00.
Bohemia's first Gothic building, founded in 1231 by Princess Agnes for the Poor Clares and used as a Přemyslid royal burial chapel. It now holds the National Gallery's medieval collection: Bohemian panel painting from 1200 to 1550.
Charles IV began this in 1347 as a coronation church meant to outdo Týn; only the chancel was ever finished, leaving Prague's tallest nave at 34 m attached to nothing. Jan Želivský preached here before the 1419 defenestration.
Three sections — Dream, Reality, Nightmare — covering 1948 to 1989, with a reconstructed interrogation room, a model of the demolished Stalin monument and newsreel of the August 1968 invasion. V Celnici 1031/4, daily 09:00–20:00.
Not a square but a 750 m horse market laid out by Charles IV in 1348. The bronze cross buckled into the pavement below the National Museum ramp marks where student Jan Palach set himself alight on 16 January 1969.
In the crypt of this Orthodox cathedral, seven Czechoslovak paratroopers who mortally wounded Reinhard Heydrich held off some 750 SS troops for six hours on 18 June 1942. Bullet scars still ring the ventilation slit on Resslova.
Jan Žižka's one-eyed Hussite army broke Emperor Sigismund's crusaders on this ridge on 14 July 1420. The 1929–32 memorial carries the world's third-largest bronze equestrian statue: 9 m tall, roughly 16.5 tonnes.
Premonstratensian abbey founded in 1143. The Baroque Theological and Philosophical Halls hold around 200,000 volumes beneath ceiling frescoes, viewed from the doorways — the parquet floors are closed to visitors. Daily 09:00–17:00.
A curving lane of 16th-century cottages built for castle servants, still identified by house signs rather than numbers. Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler both lodged here while working as imperial astronomers to Rudolf II.
A 1626 replica of the Santa Casa of Nazareth, funded by Kateřina of Lobkowicz to re-Catholicise Bohemia after the 1620 defeat at White Mountain. The treasury holds the Prague Sun, a 1699 monstrance set with 6,222 diamonds.
General Albrecht von Wallenstein levelled 26 houses and a brickworks in the 1620s for this palace, paid for with confiscated Protestant estates. The bronzes are copies: Swedish troops looted the originals in 1648.